MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS FOR MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF AMARANTHUS VIRIDIS

MW MEERAN; A SAMI; MZ HAIDER; M UMAR

doi:10.54112/bbasr.v2023i1.46

Authors

MW MEERAN Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
A SAMI Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
MZ HAIDER Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
M UMAR Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54112/bbasr.v2023i1.46

Keywords:

Amranthus viridis, morphological traits, ascending herb, correlation, regression

Abstract

Amaranthus viridis, a weed found in upland rice farming poses a threat, to crop plants because it competes for vital resources like water, minerals, and nutrients. This competition leads to decreases in crop yield. To tackle this issue a designed study was conducted to examine the characteristics of Amaranthus viridis in three different locations with distinct environments. The results showed a meaningful connection between traits such as dry weight, fresh weight, plant height, leaf area, leaf width, leaf length and root length. Interestingly the width of the plant leaves was found impact on its height. Additionally, location two was identified as an environment for the vigorous growth and development of Amaranthus viridis plants. To effectively minimize losses, in crop yield caused by this weed it is strongly recommended to remove or control Amaranthus viridis populations. This study underscores the importance of population management strategies.

References

Achigan-Dako, E. G., Sogbohossou, O. E. D., & Maundu, P. (2014). Current knowledge on Amaranthus spp.: Research avenues for improved nutritional value and yield in leafy amaranths in sub-Saharan Africa. Euphytica, 197(3), 303–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-014-1081-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-014-1081-9

Babar, Y., Cd, A., Mahmood, S., Ahmad, A., Ali, A., Samiullah, T., Azam, S., Saeed, A., Sajid, Q., Anjum, A., Nasir, I., & Husnain, T. (2015). Correlation analysis for various morphological traits of Chenopodium album, Amaranthus viridis, Anagallis arvensis and Asphodelus tenuifolius. Academia Arena, 7.

Beiermann, C. W., Miranda, J. W. A., Creech, C. F., Knezevic, S. Z., Jhala, A. J., Harveson, R., & Lawrence, N. C. (2022). Critical timing of weed removal in dry bean as influenced by the use of preemergence herbicides. Weed Technology, 36(1), 168–176. https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2021.99 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2021.99

Bennett, M. D. (1987). Variation in Genomic Form in Plants and Its Ecological Implications. New Phytologist, 106(s1), 177–200. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1987.tb04689.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1987.tb04689.x

Das, S. (2012). Systematics and taxonomic delimitation of vegetable, grain and weed amaranths: A morphological and biochemical approach. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 59(2), 289–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-011-9684-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-011-9684-7

Das, S. (2016). Amaranths: The Crop of Great Prospect. In S. Das (Ed.), Amaranthus: A Promising Crop of Future (pp. 13–48). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1469-7_3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1469-7_3

Ferdous, M., Shahjahan, D., Tanvir, S., & Mukti, M. (2015a). Present Biological Status of Potential Medicinal Plant of Amaranthus viridis: A Comprehensive Review. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Special Issue:Herbal Remedies as Alternative to Future Drugs Development and Treatment, 3, 12–17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030501.13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.s.2015030501.13

Gültekin, L., & Korotyaev, B. A. (2012). New Data on Cosmobaris Discolor (Boheman) and Hypolixus pica (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Associated with Amaranthus (L.) (Amaranthaceae). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 66(3), 226–232. https://doi.org/10.1649/072.066.0308 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1649/072.066.0308

Hasan, I., Rahman, S. N., Islam, Md. M., Ghosh, S. K., Mamun, M. R., Uddin, Md. B., Shaha, R. K., & Kabir, S. R. (2021). A N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-binding lectin from Amaranthus gangeticus seeds inhibits biofilm formation and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell growth in vivo in mice. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 181, 928–936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.052

Hodge, J. G., & Doust, A. N. (2017). Morphological Development of Setaria viridis from Germination to Flowering. In A. Doust & X. Diao (Eds.), Genetics and Genomics of Setaria (pp. 161–175). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45105-3_10 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45105-3_10

Khan, S., Ali, S., Hussain, I., Haq, N., Begum, S., Syed, A., Ali, Kamal, A., Amin, A., Najeeb, S., Taran, U., Mehmood, A., Abdullah, Rahman, T., & Khan, A. (2022). Identification, adaptability, phytochemical and nutritional potential of Slender amaranth: A review. Xi’an Shiyou Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University, 18, 506–516.

Rahman, A. H. M., & Iffat Ara, M. (2014). Taxonomy and Medicinal Uses on Amaranthaceae Family of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2, 54–59. https://doi.org/10.12691/aees-2-2-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12691/aees-2-2-3

Rc, P., & Dr, B. (2023). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research (AJPRes.) Geomorphology, Phytochemistry, Ethnomedical and Pharmacological activities of Amaranthus viridis Linn. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 13 | Issue-01|, 2231–5691. https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52711/2231-5691.2023.00007

Sami, A., Haider, M., MeeraN, M., Ali, M., Abbas, A., Ali, Q., & Umar, M. (2023). Exploring Morphological Traits Variation In Chenopodium Murale: A Comprehensive Multivariate Analysis. Bulletin of Biological and Allied Sciences Research, 2023(1), 43-43 https://doi.org/10.54112/bbasr.v2023i1.43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54112/bbasr.v2023i1.43

Sami, A., Haider, M., Iqbal, M., Bhatti, M., Ahmad, S., & Khalid, M. (2023). Deterrence effect of colored diversion sheets on the population density of melon fruit flies Bactrocera Cucurbitae (coquillett) and yield parameters of bitter gourd (Momordica Charantia L.). Biological and Agricultural Sciences Research Journal, 2023(1), 17-17 https://doi.org/10.54112/basrj.v2023i1.17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54112/basrj.v2023i1.17

The Nature Conservancy, Tu, M., Hurd, C., & Randall, J. (2001). Weed Control Methods Handbook: Tools & Techniques for Use in Natural Areas. All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository). https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/govdocs/533

Wang, X., & Parsons, C. (1997). Effect of processing systems on protein quality of feather meals and hog hair meals. Poultry Science, 76(3), 491–496. https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/76.3.491 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/76.3.491