MORINGA MEDIATED ZNO NANOPARTICLES: ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTICANCER, AND EMERGING BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

M ALI; S MANZOOR; A DILAWAR; S YOUNAS; SHUH SHERAZI

doi:10.64013/bbasr.v2026i1.122

Authors

M ALI Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
S MANZOOR Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
A DILAWAR Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
S YOUNAS Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
SHUH SHERAZI Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, P.O BOX. 54590, Lahore, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64013/bbasr.v2026i1.122

Keywords:

Moringa oleifera, nanoparticles, protein-based capping, biological activity, antimicrobial

Abstract

The production of metal oxide nanoparticles using the plant extracts as a sustainable option compared to traditional chemical methods. Moringa oleifera, abundant in phytochemicals, has attracted recent interest as a biological resource for the production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). This review analyzes fabrication of ZnO nanoparticles from various parts of M. oleifera, such as seeds, leaves, roots, flowers, and bark exudates, and assesses the impact of phytochemical composition on nanoparticle size, morphology, crystallinity, and biological activity. Nanoparticles range from 10–60 nm and mainly display spherical or hexagonal wurtzite patterns. Nanoparticles from seeds consist of smaller dimensions because of resilient protein-based capping processes, while extracts from leaves are most intensively researched due to high levels of flavonoids and phenolics. The review examines antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Regardless of the promising biomedical potential, gaps still exist in antiviral research, in vivo safety assessments, and uniform synthesis procedures. Future research should focus on translational and mechanistic validation studies to support clinical uses.

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